A review on nano sponges: a versatile nanoparticle drug delivery system

Lakshmisavithri S; Thangabalan B; Gayathri Priyadarsini K; Dhanush Reddy M; Ajay Kumar  K

doi:10.37022/jis.v8i1.96

S.Lakshmisavithri Department of Pharmacy, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
B. Thangabalan Department of Pharmacy, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
K. Gayathri Priyadarsini Department of Pharmacy, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
M. Dhanush Reddy Department of Pharmacy, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
K. Ajay Kumar Department of Pharmacy, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jis.v8i1.96

Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the most promising technologies of the 21 centuries. It is related to design characterization, production and applications of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at manometer scale. These nano particles are characterized by unique physical, optical and electrical features that are attractive for disciplines ranging from material science to biomedicine. So various nanoforms have been attempted as drug delivery systems. Nano sponges are novel class of hyper crosslinked polymer based colloidal drug carries with nanosized cavities to encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drug moieties. it has a backbone long length biodegradable polymer these polymer strands are mixed with small molecules called cross linkers that have an affinity certain portion of the polymer to form a spherical shape that has many packets or cavities where drugs can be stored. They can circumvent the various formulation challenges associated With poor water solubility, low bioavailability, targeting and controlled release of activities. In this present review various formulations additives like polymers, solvents and crosslinkers for the preparation of nano sponges, its advantages, characteristics, and various methods of preparations like melt method, emulsion solvent evaporation, emulsion solvent diffusion method, ultrasound assisted synthesis were studied.

Keywords: Nano sponges, Encapsulation, Characteristics Preparation methods

References

1. Mazin M, Norul Zailah AR, Nur Rahimah S, Nural Huda AH, Jamil MS. azadirachta Indica Extract (Neem) as Skin Solution Soap. Journal of Academia. 2019;(2)159-163.
2. Biswas K, Chattopadhyay I, Banerjee RK,Bandyopadhyay U. Biological activities and
3. medicinal Properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Current Science-Bangalore. 2002; 82(11):1336-1345.
4. Leos MJ, Salazar RPS. The insecticide neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss in México. Universidad Autonóma de Nuevo León. Agronomy Faculty. Tech.Brochure. Marín, N.L. México, 2002.
5. Osuna LE. Plant production and plantation establishment of neem tree Azadirachta indica Juss. INIFAP CIRNO-CETS. Technical Brochure Todos Santos Experimental Field. La Paz, B.C.S. México, 2000.
6. Moreno MI. The neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss in the Southern Sonora, México.
7. Tech. Rpt. Yaqui Valley Experimental Field-INIFAP. Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México, 1996.
8. Rahmani A, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi et al. Pharmacological and therapeutic potential of
9. Neem (Azad irachta indica). Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2018;12(24):250.
10. Alzohairy MA. Therapeutics role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and their active constituents in diseases Prevention and treatment. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016.
11. Lakshmi T, Krishnan V, Rajendran R, Madhu sudhanan N. Azadirachta indica: A herbal
12. panacea in Dentistry–An update. Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2015; 9(17):41.
13. Hossain MA, Al-Toubi WA, Al-Sabahi JN, Weli AM,Al-Riyami QA. Identification and Characterization of chemical compounds in different crude extracts from leaves of Omani neem. Journal of Taibah University for Science. 2013; 7:181-188.
14. Ainie K, Hamirin K, Peang-Kean LJ. Chemical and physical characteristics of soap made from Distilled fatty acids of palm oil and palm kernel oil. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 1996: 73:105- 108.
15. Kareru PG, Keriko JM, Kenji GM, Thiong’o GT,Gachanja AN, Mukiira HN, et al. antimicrobial activities of skincare preparations from plant extracts. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2010, 7(3).
16. Giorgi’s AY, Grasas y Aceites. 2003; 54(3):226-233.
Fuerst R. Frobisher and Fuerst’s Microbiology in Health and Disease (14th edn.) W.B
17. Saunders Company,Philadelphia U.S.A, 1978.14. Hugo WB, Russel AD. Pharmaceutical Microbiology (3th edn). Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford,London, 1983.
18. Kapoor VP. Herbal cosmetics for skin and hair care.2005; 4(4):306-315.
19. Sen CK, Rink C, Khanna S. Palm oil–derived natural vitamin E α-tocotrienol in brain health and Disease. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2010;29(3):314S-323S.
20. Al-Hashemi ZSS, Hossain MA. Biological activities of different neem leaf crude extracts used locally in Ayurvedic medicine. Pacific Science Review A: Natural Science and Engineering. 2016; 18(2):128-131.
21. Ashlesha G, Sachin W, Vanjire D, Amit N. Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Sope. 2020; 2(2):21-26.
22. Joshi MG, Kamat DV, Kamat SD. Evaluation of herbal handwash formulation. 2008; 7(5):413-15.
23. Kumar KP, Bhowmik D, Tripathi KK, Chandira M. Traditional Indian Herbal Plants Tulsi and Its Medicinal Importance. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2010; 2(2):93-101.
24. Afsar Z, Khanam S, Aamir S. Formulation and comparative evaluation of polyherbal preparations for their disinfectant effects. 2018; 1(1):54-65. (2)159-163.
25. Biswas K, Chattopadhyay I, Banerjee RK,Bandyopadhyay U. Biological activities and medicinal Properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Current Science-Bangalore. 2002; 82(11):1336-1345.
26. Leos MJ, Salazar RPS. The insecticide neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss in México. Universidad Autonóma de Nuevo León. Agronomy Faculty. Tech.Brochure 3. Marín, N.L. México, 2002.
27. Osuna LE. Plant production and plantation establishment of neem tree Azadirachta indica Juss. INIFAPCIRNO-CETS. Technical Brochure 5. Todos Santos Experimental Field. La Paz, B.C.S. México, 2000.
28. Moreno MI. The neem tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss in the Southern Sonora, México. Tech. Rpt. Yaqui Valley Experimental Field-INIFAP. Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México, 1996.
29. Rahmani A, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi et al. Pharmacological and therapeutic potential of Neem (Azad irachta indica). Pharmacognosy Reviews. 2018;12(24):250.22. Dhanasekaran M. International research journal