https://jisciences.com/index.php/journal <p>Journal of Integral Sciences(JIS) is an international, single blind peer-reviewed, open access journal that publish quarterly every year with high-quality papers in the fields of science and technology. These fields include all aspect of: Basic and applied Science (Biology, Molecular biology, Biotechnology, Chemistry, Physics, Biophysics, Geology, Astronomy, Mathematics, Statistics), Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Medicine, Dentistry, Veterinary medicine, Agricultural Sciences.</p> Journal of Integral Sciences en-US Journal of Integral Sciences 2581-5679 <p>Copyright © Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.</p> https://jisciences.com/index.php/journal/article/view/90 <p>Cellular carriers, out of all the carriers that are used to target medications to different bodily tissues, satisfy a number of requirements that are desirable in clinical applications. The most crucial of these is that the carrier and its breakdown products must be biocompatible. platelets, fibroblasts, hepatocytes, erythrocytes, and nano erythrocytes, among other cells. The main obstacles to a successful industrialization are the therapeutic agents' quality control, process validation, and production scalability. Re-sealed erythrocytes are a unique drug delivery method that is now needed to solve this issue and increase patient compliance and efficiency. The isolation of carrier erythrocytes, drug loading techniques, parameter characterization techniques, and clinical uses of resealed erythrocytes were discussed in this review. "Resealed erythrocytes" are carriers that are created after the cells are broken up and the medication is attached to them using a few different techniques. Businesses now have the chance to cover a wide range of ailments for which there are presently no effective medicines because they have already completed many of the crucial clinical phases.</p> Srilakshmi Yanamala Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-08-22 2024-08-22 1 4 10.37022/jis.v7i3.90 https://jisciences.com/index.php/journal/article/view/91 <p>Patients with chronic pain that is not responding to treatment may benefit from intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDDS). Current developments in technology, novel therapeutic uses, documented side effects, and the expenses and upkeep associated with this treatment need staying current with new guidelines that could enhance results. When used by qualified practitioners and with medications that have a documented safety record, intrathecal drug delivery devices may be beneficial for patients with a narrow therapeutic safety margin. We go over the most widely used medications (both opioids and non-opiods), their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, and their recommended uses. Morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, fentanyl, bupivacaine, clonidine, and ketamine are the most commonly utilized medications. This chapter examines all technological concerns related to the implantation of IDDS devices, along with follow-up and pharmaceutical recommendations released in recent years that offer an evidence-based approach to decision-making for the treatment of patients' chronic pain and spasticity.</p> Siva Sree Yarramsetty Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-08-22 2024-08-22 5 8 10.37022/jis.v7i3.91