Life History of Tirumala Septentrionis(The Dark Blue Tiger) (Lepidoptera – Rhopalocera –Nymphalidae) from Lankamallai Hills, Andhra Pradesh – India
Abstract
The Danaid butterfly known as the Dark Blue Tiger (Tirumala septentrionis) (BUTLER, 1874) is native to South and Southeast Asia. According to the study, the best time to procreate is between August to November (2023), when the Danaid butterfly Tirumala septentrionis would be on wings. The only food used by the monophagous larvae is Wattakaka volubilis, which is also the food source used for rearing and research. With eggs lasting 3–4 days, larvae 11–16 days, and pupae 7-8 days, the life history was finished in 21–28 days at roughly 28°C to 30°C. The butterfly's short life span allowed for nine to ten broods every year, making it multivoltine.
Keywords:
Tirumala septentrionis, Multivoltine, Wattakaka volubilis, Life cycle, Monophagous larvae, Breeding season
References
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2. New TR, Pyle RM, Thomas JA, Hammond PC, Dunn PO. Butterfly Conservation. Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourg. 1985.
3. Pyle RM, Bentzien MM, Opler PA. Insect conservation. Annual Review of Entomology. 1981;26:233–258.
4. Gay T, Kehimkar ID, Punetha JC. Common Butterflies of India. World Wide Fund for Nature-India and Oxford University Press, Mumbai. 1992.
5. Gunathilagaraj K, Perumal TNA, Jayaram, K, Ganesh Kumar M. Some South Indian Butterflies. Nilgiri Wildlife and Environment Association, Coimbatore. 1998.
6. Kunte K. India-A Lifescape: Butterflies of Peninsular India*. Bombay Natural History Society and University Press (India) Private Limited, Hyderabad. 2000:254.
7. Venkata Ramana SP. Biology and ecology of butterfly species in Andhra Pradesh. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Animal Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. 2010:145–150.
8. Kunte K. Butterflies of Peninsular India. Universities Press, Hyderabad, India. 2005:254.
9. Venkata Ramana SP. In Sailaja et al. (Eds.), Special Issue: Conservation of Animal Biodiversity and Environmental Monitoring. 2014.
10. Chapman AD. The Insects: Structure and Function. Cambridge University Press. 2013.
11. Scoble MJ. The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity. Oxford University Press. 1992.
12. Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI. Carcasson's African Butterflies. CSIRO Publishing. 1999.
13. Gilbert LE, Singer MC. Butterfly ecology. Annual review of ecology and systematics. 1975 Jan 1:365-97.
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How to Cite
L, R. R., D, S., & S. P, V. R. (2024). Life History of Tirumala Septentrionis(The Dark Blue Tiger) (Lepidoptera – Rhopalocera –Nymphalidae) from Lankamallai Hills, Andhra Pradesh – India. Journal of Integral Sciences, 7(1), 33-35. Retrieved from https://jisciences.com/index.php/journal/article/view/120
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