Nanomedicine: advances in targeted drug delivery systems using nanoparticles in cancer treatment

Khadar Mastan Shaik

Shaik Khadar Mastan Priyadarshini Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 5th Mile, Pulladigunta, Guntur-522017, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract

Nano medicines offer a promising alternative for cancer treatment due to their nanoscale size, enabling precise site-specific drug delivery, higher bioavailability, and fewer toxic side effects. They allow the use of smaller drug doses, leading to cost savings. Gold Nano shells were among the earliest successful Nano therapies, demonstrating effective active and passive targeting. Unlike conventional drugs, Nano medicines degrade slowly, improving therapeutic outcomes. Various nanomaterials, including organic, lipid, inorganic, and polymer-based systems, are used. Their increased stability, controlled drug release, and biocompatibility enhance safety and efficacy. Ongoing preclinical and clinical research continues to advance Nano medicine for safer and more effective cancer treatments. Cancer is known as the most dangerous disease in the world in terms of mortality and lack of effective treatment. Research on cancer treatment is still active and of great social importance. Since 1930, chemotherapeutics have been used to treat cancer. Smart nanoparticles, which can respond to biological cues or be guided by them, are emerging as a promising drug delivery platform for precise cancer treatment. The field of oncology, nanotechnology, and biomedicine has witnessed rapid progress, leading to innovative developments in smart nanoparticles for safer and more effective cancer therapy.

Keywords: Nanomedicine, Targeted drug delivery systems, Lipid-based drug delivery, Cancer cells

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